ABSTRACT
Ínternet alışverişine olan eğilim COVID-19 salgını ile ivme kazanmış ve bu durum kargo sektörü çalışanlarının çalışma koşullarını etkilemiştir. Çalışma şartlarındaki değişikliklerin ve çalışanların pandemi sürecine ilişkin algı ve tutumlarının belirlenebilmesine yönelik yapılan bu çalışma kapsamında sendika üyesi 469 kargo çalışanı ile çevrimiçi anket gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma soruları kapsamında kurulan hipotezler, istatistiki yöntemlerle test edilmiştir. Anket sonuçları, pandemi döneminde kargo sektöründe çalışanların çalışma sürelerinde (%64) ve hizmet verdiği insan sayısında (%83) artış olduğunu göstermiştir. Íş yerlerinde temizlik, maske ve mesafe önlemlerinin büyük oranda uygulandığı ancak mesai saatlerinin düzenlenmesi, çalışan sayısının asgari seviyede tutulması vb. tedbirlere başvurulmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ankete katılanların %70'i pandemi döneminde ÍSÍG eğitimi almıştır. KKD kullanımı cinsiyet, yaş grupları, eğitim durumu, iş yerindeki görev ve ÍSÍG eğitim durumuna göre farklılık göstermemektedir. ÍSÍG eğitiminin en önemli katkıları;çalışma arkadaşları ile sosyal mesafe uygulamaya özen gösterme, maskenin hijyen kurallarına uygun kullanımı ve maske türleri arasındaki farkları öğrenme konularındadır. ÍSÍG eğitimi alanlar, pandemi döneminin ÍSÍG açısından daha başarılı yürütüldüğünü düşünmektedir. Sonuç olarak kargo çalışanları iş yükü, çalışma stresi, sağlık riskleri vb. birçok açıdan pandemiden olumsuz anlamda etkilendiklerini ancak alınan ÍSÍG önlemleri ve genel tedbirler ile bu risklerin bertaraf edildiğini düşündükleri tespit edilmiştir.Alternate :The trend towards online shopping is gaining momentum with the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the working conditions of cargo sector employees. This research was conducted by applying an online questionnaire to 469 union-member cargo sector employees to determine the changes in working conditions and their perceptions and attitudes towards the pandemic. The hypotheses established within the scope of the research questions were tested with the Chi-Square test. The survey results showed an increase in the working hours of the cargo sector employees (64%) and the number of people they served (83%). It has been determined that while hygiene, mask usage, and social distance measures were generally applied in workplaces, measures such as regulating working hours and keeping the number of employees at a minimum level still needed to be implemented. 70% of the respondents received OHS training during the pandemic. Gender, age groups, education level, job description in the workplace, and OHS education level do not make any difference in using PPE. It has been determined that the most important contributions of OHS training are practicing social distancing with colleagues, using the mask by hygiene rules, and learning the differences between masks. There is a higher rate of thought that the pandemic is carried out successfully in terms of OHS in those who receive OHS training. As a result, cargo sector employees stated that the pandemic adversely affected their workload, work stress, and health risks. However, they also thought these risks were eliminated with OHS measures.
ABSTRACT
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are considered learning environments that eliminate many learning barriers. Online courses in MOOCs have become an opportunity for everyone during the lockdown of the COVID-19 outbreak. However, usability issues may cause problems such as high dropout rates and lack of learner's motivation. Therefore, in this study, the usability of Coursera, one of the most known MOOCs in the world, was evaluated. The evaluation was performed with ISO 9241-11 standard. The environment's effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction were evaluated with the authentic tasks requested to be done in Coursera. Additionally, the findings were supported by eye-tracking metrics such as fixation duration, fixation counts, heat maps, and gaze plots. Twelve individuals (six females, six males) participated in the authentic tasks, and three individuals (two females, one male) participated in the eye-tracking phase. Results of the study revealed that most participants successfully performed the authentic tasks and are generally satisfied with the usability of the environment. However, considering eye-tracking findings and Coursera Usage Satisfaction Survey, some usability problems such as inadequate language support and the difficulty of using the search feature emerged. In the end, possible reasons were discussed, and the suggestions were presented for usability improvements.
ABSTRACT
Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are actions apart from getting vaccinated and medications, in order to promote deceleration of the spread of illness among people and communities during pandemic. In this article, we aim to examine NPIs applied in Turkey and worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of the NPIs such as isolation, quarantine, and contact tracing were maintained with updates of the Ministry of Health guidelines in Turkey. Some NPIs including travel and partial or full curfew mobilization restrictions were set in accordance with the various periods by the number of cases. Periods of restrictions at autumn 2021 to summer 2022 are national partial curfews, national extended curfews, local decision-making phase, revised local decision-making phase, partial lockdown, full lockdown and gradual normalization. Mitigation and suppression have been implemented in Turkey with restrictions of varying severity throughout the course of the epidemic. It is seen that the restrictions implemented in Turkey contributed to the flattening of the epidemic curve. Even some countries mainly applied the suppression method, and others applied the mitigation method, in general, it is seen that similar methods were applied with different weights. Examples of different countries demonstrated that NPIs are effective for flattening epidemic curve. NPI have been the main instrument for a year and a half from the beginning of the epidemic to mid-2021 in Turkey as well as worldwide.